Fire protection
Source: BUS Rheinland-PfalzThe responsible bodies are
- the municipalities for fire protection and general assistance,
- the rural districts for supra-local fire protection and supra-local general assistance,
- the districts and independent cities for civil protection and
- the federal state for the central tasks of fire protection, general assistance and disaster control as well as for the tasks of preventive hazard protection. In order to fulfill its central tasks, the state has set up a "Fire and Disaster Protection" department at the Supervisory and Service Directorate in Trier and maintains the Fire and Disaster Protection School in Koblenz for training purposes.
The fire departments are to be financed by the responsible authority. They receive financial assistance from the state - from funds from the fire protection tax and the investment fund - for the procurement of firefighting equipment, personal protective equipment and for the construction or renovation of fire stations.
Professional fire department: In cities with more than 90,000 inhabitants - Kaiserslautern, Koblenz, Ludwigshafen, Mainz and Trier - the fire department must comprise units of full-time firefighters (professional fire department). Other municipalities can set up a professional fire department.
Volunteer fire department: In municipalities without a professional fire department, a volunteer fire department must be set up. If there are not enough volunteers available for this, the necessary people must be called up for voluntary fire department ("compulsory fire department"). Larger cities that are not (yet) obliged to have a professional fire department due to their population are in many cases forming volunteer fire departments with full-time firefighters, e.g. Neuwied, Worms, Speyer and Pirmasens.
Plant fire department: For companies with increased fire or explosion hazards or other special dangers, the supervisory and service directorate can require the establishment of a plant fire department (examples: BASF, Boehringer, Schott-Glas plant fire departments) with full-time and/or part-time members.
The training and further training of the Rhineland-Palatinate fire departments is carried out as a network system between the individual responsible bodies, starting with the site training and district training through to the central training at the fire department and disaster control school in Koblenz
In future, all non-police requests for assistance will be received and coordinated by eight integrated control centers. The integrated control centers will thus form a uniform reporting head.
Department 3 - Planning Security is divided as follows:
- Preventive fire protection
- Operational planning
- Civil protection
Supervision of fire protection in the town hall, Adenauerring 1, Schönauer Str. 2, Klosterstr. 23
Department 4 - Administration is responsible for the administrative work within Department 3.09
To improve the safety and health protection of employees, the Occupational Health and Safety Act (ArbSchG) requires employers to implement measures for first aid, firefighting and evacuation of employees (Section 10 (1)).
The watch management / emergency services / volunteer fire department team is organized as follows:
- Watch department 1
- Watch department 2
- Watch department 3
- Volunteer fire department
The fire safety watch (also known as the fire safety watch service) is always deployed when there is an increased risk of fire and a large number of people are at risk. A risk analysis must also determine whether a fire safety watch is required below these limits, e.g. when pyrotechnics are used.
The need for a fire safety watch results, among other things, from the Ordinance on Places of Assembly and is determined by the fire protection authority.
A fire alarm system (FAS) is a hazard detection system from the field of preventive fire protection that receives events from various fire detectors, evaluates them and then reacts.
Various technical devices can be activated as a reaction, e.g:
- Forwarding a fire alarm to the permanently manned control center to alert the local fire department;
- Triggering an internal alarm in order to be able to check whether there is a false alarm or a false alarm before forwarding it to the fire department;
- Triggering an alarm to evacuate a property;
- Opening smoke extraction systems;
- Activation of elevators;
- Closing fire protection closures;
- Triggering a property extinguishing system, e.g. CO2 extinguishing system.
Fire detectors with different characteristics (e.g. smoke, temperature, flames, etc.) are used to detect (fire) events. A fire extinguishing system can also be used to detect a fire (bursting of a sprinkler barrel).
The need to install a fire alarm system results from building regulations and is therefore required by the fire protection authorities.
In exceptional cases, a fire alarm system may also be required by the property insurer.
An operations control centre manages the operations of the assigned organizations, receives and evaluates information and coordinates the connected services.
Receiving incoming emergency calls or alarm messages, e.g. from fire alarm systems